NORSE MYTHOLOGY Thor's Hammer
compiled by Scott Trimble



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FAMILY TREE OF THE GODS
MODERN MYTHOLOGICAL REFERENCES




SOURCES
Edda, by Snorri Sturluson, translated by Anthony Faulkes.
The Poetic Edda, translated by Henry Adams Bellows.
Saga of the Volsungs, by anonymous, translated by Jesse L. Byock.
Scandinavian 160 (Scandinavian Mythology), course by John Lindow, U.C. Berkeley, Fall 1996
Scandinavian 120 (Scandinavian Novels: Culture & Ecology), course by Linda Rugg, U.C. Berkeley, Fall 1998.


  • Asgard — world of the Æsir, the land of the gods
  • Midgard — world of men
  • [Jotunheim] — world of the giants
  • Muspell — world of fire, a bright, flaming, hot world in the southern region
  • [Vanaheim] — world of the Vanir
  • Niflheim — world of the dead
  • [Svartalfaheim] — world of the dark-elves
  • [Alfheim] — world of the elves
  • [Nithavellir] — possibly the world of the dwarves
  • Austri, Vestri, Sudri, Nordri — dwarves put at corners of the world
  • Hlidskialf — Odin's throne, where he sees & understands everybody in the world
  • Hrimfaxi — Nott's horse, drips from his bit create dew all over the world
  • Skinfaxi — Dagur's horse, shining mane lights the sky and sea
  • Arvak & Alsvinn — horses driven by Sol (Asyniur) for the chariot, bellows under shoulders cool them
  • Bil & Hiuki, children of Vidvinn — Moon took these children from Byrgir Well while carrying Sæg tub & Simul carrying-pole, (Bil is considered an Asyniur)
  • Hati Hrodvitnisson & Skoll — wolves chasing sun and moon, sons of Fenrir
  • Iarnvidiur — trollwife giantess of Ironwood Forest in Midgard, breeds wolves
  • Moongarm — most mighty wolf that is said will one day be bred, will consume lifeblood and spatter heavens with it
  • Bifrost — rainbow bridge from earth to heaven
  • Idavoll, Gladsheim, Vingolf — buildings in Asgard built by Odin
  • Modsognir, Durin — dwarves, the dwarves were originally maggots but given intelligence by gods
  • DWARVES: Nyi, Nidi, Nordri, Sudri, Austri, Vestri, Althiolf ("Mighty Thief"), Dvalin, Nar, Nain, Niping, Dain, Bifur, Bofur, Nori, Ori, Onar, Oin, Modvitnir ("Mead-Wolf"), Vig, Gandalf ("Magic Elf"), Vindalf ("Wind Elf"), Thorin, Fili, Kili, Fundin, Vali, Thror, Throin, Thekk, Lit, Vitr, Nyr, Nyrad, Rekk, Radsvinn ("Swift in Counsel"), Draupnir, Dolgthvari, Hor, Hugstari, Hlediolf, Gloin, Dori, Ori, Duf, Andvari, Heptifili, Har, Siar, Skirpir, Virpir, Skafinn, Ai, Alf, Ingi, Eikinskialdi ("Oak Shield"), Fal, Frosti, Finn, Ginnar.
  • Yggdrasil — chief center or holy place of gods, biggest ash tree, branches spread all all over world and sky, one root among Æsir, another among frost-giants (where Ginnungagap once was) and over Mimir's Well, third over Niflheim and under Hvergelmir, another goes to heaven and above Weird's Well.
  • Nidhogg — dragon that knaws the roots of Yggdrasil
  • serpents and snakes — countless ones of these also are beneath Yggdrasil along with Nidhogg, some of them are Goin and Moin (Grafvitnir's sons), Grabak, Grafvollud, Ofnir, and Svafnir
  • Mimir's Well — wisdom and intelligence, Odin gave up his eye for a sip
  • Weird's Well — where the gods have their court, norns use water from it to keep Yggdrasil's branches from rotting, swans feed in the well
  • Sleipnir — Odin's eight-legged horse
  • Gulltopp — Heimdall's horse
  • Glad, Gyllir, Glær, Skeidbrimir, Silfrtopp, Sinir, Gils, Falhofnir, and Lettfeti — Æsir's horses
  • Weird, Verdandi, Skuld — norns who shape men's lives for better or worse
  • Vedrfolnir — hawk that sits in eagle's eyes at top of Yggdrasil
  • Ratatosk — squirrel who spreads gossip between the eagle and Nidhogg
  • Dain, Dvalin, Duneyr, Durathrar — stags wander Yggdrasil branches, eat foliage
  • Alfheim — where the light-elves live (dark-elves live in the ground)
  • Breidablik, Glitnir, Himinbiorg — other heavenly places
  • Valaskialf — Odin's silver-roofed hall where his throne is located
  • Gimle — fairest hall of all and brighter than the sun, will survive forever
  • Andlang, Vidblain — two more heavens located further out
  • Hræsvelg — eagle giant that makes the wind
  • Asyniur — female Æsir, goddesses
  • Odin — highest and most ancient of all the gods
  • Frigg — wife of Odin, knows all men's fates but she will not prophesy
  • Einheriar — dead fallen in battle, Odin places them in Valhalla or Vingolf
  • Thor — strongest of all gods and men
  • Bilskirnir Hall — Thor's place at Thurdvangar, biggest building ever built
  • Tanngniost & Tanngrisnir — Thor's goats who draw his chariot
  • Miollnir (Thor's Hammer), girdle of might, iron gloves — Thor's possessions
  • Baldr — so fair in appearance, light shines from him, wise, eloquent, merciful
  • Breidablik — Baldr's hall in heaven, no unclean thing is permitted to be there
  • Niord — lives at Noatun, rules wind motion, moderates sea and fire, very rich
  • Vanir — another race of gods from whom Niord and others descended
  • [Gollveig] — first of the Vanir to come among the gods, her ill-treatment was the immediate cause of the war
  • Hænir — a trade of "hostages" (or ambassadors) made, him for Niord
  • Thrymheim — place in mountains where Skadi wanted to live
  • Freyr — ruler of rain, sunshine, produce, wealth
  • Freyia — gets half of the slain in battle, Odin gets the other half, so very beautiful, weeped red-gold tears when Od went on long travels
  • Brisings' necklace — owned by Freyia
  • Fensalir — Frigg's dwelling
  • Sessrumnir — Freyia's hall in heaven, dwelling is called Folkvangar
  • Tyr — bravest, most valiant, great power of victory in battles
  • Bragi — renowned for wisdom, eloquence, command of language, poetry
  • Idunn — her casket contains apples that make the gods stay young
  • Heimdall — the white As, great and holy, guards Bifrost from mountain-giants, needs little sleep, great hearing and seeing
  • [Eggther] — the guard of the giants' world
  • Surt — guards the dwellers in the fire-world
  • Himinbiorg — place where Heimdall lives
  • Giallarhorn — Heimdall's trumpet, its blast can be heard all over the worlds
  • Hod — blind As, strong, tricked by Loki into shooting mistletoe at Baldr
  • Vidar — the silent As, source of support to gods in dangers
  • Vali — bold in battles, very good shot
  • Ull — great archer and skier, beautiful, warrior's accomplishments
  • Forseti — people see him to settle legal disputes, has Glitnir Hall
  • Loki Laufeyiarson — pleasing and handsome, evil in character, capricious in behavior, cunning, tricky
  • Iormungand — the Midgard Serpent, offspring of Loki, encircles world at bottom of ocean, biting its own tail
  • Hel — offspring of Loki, rules Niflheim, half black, half flesh-covered
  • Eliudnir — Hel's Hall, her dish is called Hunger, knife Famine, servant Ganglati, main Ganglot
  • Fenriswolf — the Æsir tried to put fetter Gleipnir on him, bit hand of Tyr placed in mouth as a pledge, child of Loki
  • Leyding, Dromi — first two fetters that gods tried to put on Fenriswolf
  • Skirnir — Freyr's messenger sent to world of black-elves and dwarves to have Gleipnir made
  • Gleipnir — ingredients: sound of cat's footfall, woman's beard, mountain's roots, bear's sinews, fish's breath, bird's spittle. cord called Gelgia, tied to stone called Gioll, another rock called Thviti
  • Lyngvi — island on Lake Amsvartnir where Fenriswolf was tested with Gleipnir
  • Saga — Asyniur who dwells at big place called Sokkvabekk
  • Eir — she is an extremely good physician
  • Gefiun — virgin, attended by all who die virgins
  • Fulla — another virgin, goes arround with hair flowing freely, gold band around head, buddy of Frigg, Nanna sent her a finger-ring from Hel
  • Siofn — she directs people's minds to love, both women and men
  • Lofn — very kind and good to pray to, permission for unions
  • Var — listens to (and punishes those who break) agreements between men & women
  • Vor — wise and enquiring, nothing can be concealed from her
  • Syn — guards doors of the hall, appointed as defence at assemblies
  • Hlin — protects people whom Frigg wishes to "save" from a danger, refuge
  • Snotra — wise and courteous
  • Gna — sent by Frigg to various worlds to carry out business
  • Hofvarpnir — Gna's horse, travels across sky and sea, offspring of Hamskerpir and Gardrofa
  • the Valkyries — Odin sends them to battle to get the slain
  • VALKYRIES: "Hrist and Mist I desire should bring me a horn, Skeggiold and Skogul, Hild and Thrud, Hlokk and Herfiotur, Goll and Geirahod, Randgrid and Reginleif. These serve ale to the Einheriar." Gunn and Rota and the youngest norn, called Skuld, always ride to choose who shall be slain and to govern the killings.
  • Iord and Rind — Thor's mother and Vali's mother, reckoned among the Asyniur
  • Beli — Freyr unarmed when he and Beli fought, killed him with a stag antler
  • Sæhrimnir — boar whose meat feeds the dead at Valhalla
  • Andhrimnir — the cook at Valhalla
  • Eldhrimnir — the pot that Andhrimnir cooks in
  • Geri ("Ravenous") & Freki ("Greedy") — two of Odin's wolves, he feeds them his food from the table, Odin lives off of wine which is also food to him
  • Hugin ("Thought") & Munin ("Memory") — Odin sends these ravens all over world, they return at dinner and tell him the gossip of the world
  • Heidrun — goat on roof of Valhalla feeds from branches of Lerad tree, mead flows from udders to fill a vat for the Einheriar
  • Eikthrynir — stag also on roof that feeds on Lerad, drippings from horns flow into Hvergelmir and then into the rivers
  • a few of the RIVERS: Sid, Vid, Sekin, Ekin, Svol, Gunnthro, Fiorm, Fimbulthul, Gipul, Gopul, Gomul, Geirvimul, Thyn, Vin, Tholl, Boll, Grad, Gunnthrain, Nyt, Not, Nonn, Hronn, Vina, Veg, Svinn, Thiodnuma.
  • Svadilfæri — stallion who was to help the builder, father of Sleipnir
  • Skidbladnir — the best of ships, constructed with great ingenuity, sons of dwarf Ivaldi constructed it, fits all the Æsir, yet it can fold up like a cloth to go in one's pocket
  • Naglfari — the biggest ship, belongs to Muspell, made of dead people's nails
  • Thialfi and Roskva — became Thor's bondservants after laming the goat by taking bone-marrow, possibly children of Egil
  • Utgarda-Loki — king of castle Utgard, tested Thor & companions in competitions
  • Skrymir — Utgarda-Loki in huge giant-form, Thor & companions slept in his glove, Thor couldn't open knapsack (actually tied with trick wire), Miollnir hardly hurt him, but actually hammer hit land and made valleys
  • Logi — competed and won against Loki in eating the most meat — actually "flame", burn more quickly than one can eat
  • Hugi — raced against Thialfi and always won — "thought", can thinking faster than one can run
  • forfeit-horn — Thor could not finish the water in it — magically attached to the ocean, Thor's drinking created the tides
  • cat — Thor couldn't lift the cat off the ground, kept arching back higher — actually a coil of the Midgard Serpent
  • Elli — Thor wasn't able to beat this crone in a fight — "old age", nobody can beat old age from taking its toll
  • Hymir — the giant that Thor went fishing with on the Midgard Serpent expedition, cut line and let loose the serpent, Thor punched him overboard
  • Himinhriot — largest of Hymir's oxes, Thor used his head as bait for Serpent
  • Hringhorni — the name of Baldr's ship
  • Hermod — Odin's son who went to Hel to try to bargain for Baldr
  • Hyrrokkin — giantess who moved Hringhorni into the water when nobody else could do it, rode on wolf and used vipers as reins
  • Nanna — Baldr's wife dropped dead with grief at Baldr's funeral
  • Lit — Dwarf kicked into the funeral fire by Thor when he got in the way
  • Gullinbursti or Slidrugtanni — Freyr drove in a chariot with this boar
  • Draupnir — self-replicating gold ring that Odin laid on Baldr's funeral pyre
  • Modgud — maiden guarding Gioll Bridge, talked to Hermod on his way to Hel
  • Thanks — Loki in disguise as a giantess would not weep for Baldr
  • Franangr — waterfall where Loki his from the Æsir as a salmon
  • Kvasir — the wisest As who reached Loki's house first and realized they should make a net, he had been created with spit in a truce between the Æsir and Vanir, he knew the answer to any question asked of him
  • Narfi — killed by brother Vali who was turned into a wolf, guts used to bind Loki to stones
  • Gungnir — Odin's spear
  • Garm — most evil dog, bound in front of Gnipahellir until Ragnarok
  • [Fjalar] — cock whose crowing wakes the giants for the final struggle
  • [Gollinkambi] — the cock who wakes the gods and heroes
  • Ragnarok — several harsh winters in a row, battles all over the world, brother vs. brother, wolf will swallow son, moon caught by other wolf, stars disappear, mountains fall, trees uprooted, Fenriswolf will get free, tidal waves as Midgard Serpent goes ashore, serpent sprays poison, Naglfar will be loosed from moorings and captured by giant Hrym, sky will open and sons of Muspell will come through, Surt rides in front amid fire, Bifrost will break, all meet at field Vigrid, Heimdall will blow Giallarhorn, Odin vs. Fenriswolf, Thor vs. Midgard Serpent, Freyr vs. Surt, Tyr vs. Garm, Vidar will break jaw of Fenriswolf after it swallows Odin, Surt burns entire world, earth sinks.
  • Brimir Hall at Gimle, Sindri Hall at Nidafioll, Nasatrands, Hvergelmir — places the gods will be sent to after Ragnarok
  • post-Ragnarok — Earth will rise out of sea, crops will grow, Vidar and Vali will be alive and will dwell at Idavoll, Modi ("Wrath") and Magni ("Might") will inherit Miollnir, Baldr & Hod will return from Hel, sun's daughter will take over
  • Hoddmimir's holt — where Life & Leifthrasir hid during Surt's fires
  • Life & Leifthrasir — two human survivors of Ragnarok who will repopulate world
  • Ægir (Hler) — god of sea, lived on Hlesey island, skilled in magic, feast at Asgard
  • Thiassi — in eagle form he kidnapped Idunn, brought her to Thrymheim, Loki took Freyia's falcon-form and kidnapped Idunn (by turning her into a nut) back, Æsir killed Thiassi in fire.
  • Skadi — wanted to avenge her father, as compensation she could choose husband based on feet, picked Niord thinking it was Baldr, Loki had to make her laugh so he tied a rope from his testicles to a goat's beard and they dragged each other around. Odin threw Thiassi's eyes to sky to make some stars.
  • Fialar and Galar — dwarves who killed Kvasir and mixed his blood with honey in pot called Odrerir and then vats called Son and Bodn, created the Mead of Poetry
  • Gilling & wife — G. drowned when he went to sea with the dwarves, Mrs. G. was killed by dwarves by a falling millstone when they were annoyed with her weeping.
  • Suttung — son of Gilling, threatened dwarves, they offered instead the mead
  • Gunnlod — daughter of Suttung guarded mead at Hnitbiorg
  • Baugi — brother of Suttung, his slaves killed each other at provoking of Odin who offered a whetstone for their scythes
  • Bolverk — "Evil-doer", the name Odin went by when he offered he could do the work of the missing nine slaves, payment would be one drink of the mead, but Suttung refused
  • Rati — name of the auger that Bolverk / Odin gave Baugi to drill into mountain where mead was stored, Baugi tried to trick Bolverk by not drilling all the way (hoping to trap then squash him) but Bolverk blew into the hole first, Bolverk turned into a snake and went through completed hole, Bolverk slept with Gunnlod for three nights then drank all the mead, flew away and spit it to other gods while Suttung in pursuit, humans got some lost mead.
  • Gullfaxi — horse owned by the giant Hrungnir
  • Hrungnir — strongest of the giants, has a stone heart with three points on it, head and shield also made of stone, wagered with Odin on who has better horse, Odin won race to the As-gates where the Æsir invited Hrungnir for a drink, Hrungnir got drunk and said he would do many things (remove Valhalla, bury Asgard, kill the gods, take Freyia and Sif with him, drink all their ale), challenged by Thor to a battle.
  • Griotunagardar — field for the battle after Hrungnir retrieved his weapons
  • Mokkurkalfi — giants made a person out of clay, nine leagues high and three leagues wide, gave him a mare's heart, he wet himself when Thor arrived
  • whetstone — Hrungnir's weapon, Hrungnir stood on his shielf when Thialfi told him Thor would be coming from the ground, instead Thor came on land and threw Miollnir from afar, Hrungnir hurled the whetstone, it broke in two as Miollnir crashed through it then killed Hrungnir, one piece of whetstone went to the ground and the other got stuck in Thor's head, Thialfi killed Mokkurkalfi while Thor was trapped under Hrungnir's leg, his son Magni arrived and lifted off the leg, Thor gave Gullfaxi to Magni but Odin didn't approve.
  • Groa, wife of Aurvandil the Bold — sorceress who chanted spells until the whetstone started to come loose from Thor's head, but Thor interrupted her with story of Aurvandil's toe getting frozen off while Thor carried him a basket across Elivagar river (Thor broke off toe and threw it to sky, making a star), Groa got distracted and couldn't finish spells, so the whetstone stays
  • Geirrod — cunning giant, caught Loki who flew into his castle as Frigg's falcon and got stuck, locked Loki in a chest and starved him for three months, Loki promised that he would get Thor to come over without weapons
  • Grid — mother of Vidar, giantess, warned Thor of Geirrod and loaned him some items (girdle of might, iron gauntlet, staff "Grid's pole"), Thor crossed river Vimur with Loki holding on
  • Gialp — daughter of Geirrod who caused river to rise as Thor crossed it, he threw a rock at her and then got out by holding on to a rowan-bush
  • Greip — the other daughter who, along with Gialp, tried to push Thor's seat to the ceiling as he sat on it, Thor used Grid's pole to push back down and broke their backs. For games, Geirrod used tongs to pick up lump of molten iron and threw it at Thor, Thor used iron gauntlets to catch it, then flung it back and it crashed through pillars, Geirrod, walls, and ground outside
  • Loddfafnir — wandering singer, who, from his "chanter's stool", recites the verses which he claims to have received from Odin
  • Ljothatal — the list of charms in the Havamal
  • King Hrauthung — father of Agnar and Geirröth
  • Hildolf ("Battle Wolf") — mentioned in Hárbarrðsljóð, lives at Rathsey's sound
  • Berserks ("Bear Shirts") — originally men who could turn themselves into bears (like a werewolf), later men who were seized with an uncontrollable madness for bloodshed, lop off a limb and they still attack. Mad, crazy freaks. I live in Berserkeley, CA.
  • Gestumblindi — contest of riddles with King Heidrek the Wise, the last riddle about Odin's whisperings to Baldr reveal that Gestumblindi is actually Odin, this is just like Odin as Gagnrath in "Vafþrúðnismál".


  • Völuspá"The Wise-Woman's Prophecy" --- Odin brings back to life a prophetess who tells him stories of the past, present, and future.
  • Hávamál"The Ballad of the High One" — Sayings of wisdom, talk about women, how Odin obtained the mead of poetry, verses by the singer Loddfafnir, and a list of charms.
  • Vafþrúðnismál"The Ballad of Vafþrúðnir" — Contest of wisdom between Odin (going by Gagnrath) and the giant Vafthruthnir.
  • Grímnismál"The Ballad of Grimnir" — Odin (Grimnir), tortured at flames by King Geirröth, displays wisdom until he declares his true name, causing the terrified King to fall on his sword.
  • Skírnismál"The Ballad of Skirnir" — Freyr sends Skirnir to go woo the giantess Gerd for him.
  • Hárbarrðsljóð"The Poem of Hárbarth" — A contest of verbal abuse between Thor at one side of the river and Odin (or Harbarth the ferryman) at the other.
  • Hymiskviða"The Lay of Hymir" — Thor's expedition after Hymir's kettle and the fishing trip in which he hooked the Midgard Serpent.
  • Lokasenna"Loki's Wrangling" — At Ægir's party, Loki proceeds to insult everybody present.
  • Þrymskviða"The Lay of Thrym" — Thrym steals Miollnir and wants Freyia as ransome. Thor dresses in drag to get it back.
  • Alvíssmál"The Ballad of Alvís" — The dwarf Alvís wants to marry Thor's daughter, so he has to answer a bunch of questions on synonyms.
  • Baldrs draumar"Balder's Dreams" — Baldr is having bad dreams, so Odin talks to a volva and finds out they portend the fall of the gods, beginning with the death of Baldr.
  • Rígsþula"The Song of Rig" — On his travels, Heimdall (Rig) fathers the ancestors of three classes of men: slaves, freemen, and nobles.
  • Hyndluljóð"The Poem of Hyndla" — Freyia asks the wise-woman Hyndla to trace the ancestry of her lover Ottar.
  • Svipdagsmál"The Ballad of Svipdag" — Combination of the poems "Grougaldr" and "Fjolsvinnsmol", the love story of Svipdag and Mengloth.
  • "The Prose Edda"by Snorri STURLUSSON, abt 1220 c.e. — Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Háttatal


  • ODIN — "I call myself Grim and Ganglari, Herian, Hialmberi, Thekk, Third, Thunn, Unn, Helblindi, High, Sann, Svipal, Sanngetal, Herteit, Hnikar, Bileyg, Baleyg, Bolverk, Fiolnir, Grimnir, Glapsvinn, Fiolsvinn, Sidhott, Sidskegg, Sigfather, Hnikud, All-father, Atrid, Farmatyr, Oski ("God of Wishes"), Omi, Just-as-high, Blindi, Gondlir, Harbard, Svidur, Svidrir, Ialk, Kialar, Vidur, Thror, Ygg, Thund, Vakr, Skilfing, Vafud, Hropta-Tyr, Gaut, Veratyr." Other name include Tveggi, Gagnrath...."
  • FRIGG — Hlin
  • FREYIA — Lady of the Vanir, Mardoll, Horn, Gefn, Syr
  • FREYR — Yngve
  • LOKI — Loki Laufeyiarson, Lothur
  • FENRIR — Fenriswolf, Garm
  • IORD — Earth, Hlothyn, Fjorgyn
  • NOTT — Night
  • DELLING — Twilight
  • DAGUR — Day
  • YMIR — Aurgelmir, Brimir, Blain
  • FENRIR — Hrodvitnir
  • IORMUNGAND — the Midgard Serpent
  • SUTTUNG — Fjalar


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